#47: Huge Google AI Updates, Teaching Large Language Models to Have Values, and How AI Will Impact Productivity and Labor

Another week of big news from Google Google just announced major AI
updates, including an AI makeover of search. The updates were
announced at Google’s I/O developers conference and some of the
more important updates were discussed on the podcast.  A new
next-generation large language model called PaLM 2, “excels at
advanced reasoning tasks, including code and math, classification
and question answering, translation and multilingual proficiency
better than our previous state-of-the-art LLMs.” Next, an AI
makeover of search through Google’s “Search Generative Experience”
will deliver conversational results to search queries. This will
become available to users who sign up for Google’s Search Labs
sandbox. Additional improvements include new AI writing tools for
Gmail, the removal of the waitlist for Bard, and the ability to
create full documents, generate slides, and fill in spreadsheets
across tools like Docs, Slides, and Sheets.  What’s next for
Claude Anthropic, a major AI player and creator of the AI assistant
“Claude,” just published research that could have a big impact on
AI safety. In the research, the company outlines an approach
they’re using “Constitutional AI,” or the act of giving a large
language model “explicit values determined by a constitution,
rather than values determined implicitly via large-scale human
feedback.” This concept is designed to address the limitations of
large-scale human feedback, which traditionally determines the
values and principles of AI behavior. It aims to enhance the
transparency, safety, and usefulness of AI models while reducing
the need for human intervention. The constitution of an AI model
consists of a set of principles that guide its outputs, and in
Claude’s case, encourages the model to avoid toxic or
discriminatory outputs, refrain from assisting in illegal or
unethical activities, and aim to be helpful, honest, and harmless.
Anthropic emphasizes that this living document is subject to
revisions and improvements based on further research and feedback.
More on the economy and knowledge workers  In a recent
Brookings Institution article titled, Machines of Mind: The Case
for an AI-powered Productivity, the authors explore the potential
impact of AI, specifically large language models (LLMs), on the
economy and knowledge workers. The authors predict LLMs will have a
massive impact on knowledge work in the near future. They say: “We
expect millions of knowledge workers, ranging from doctors and
lawyers to managers and salespeople to experience similar
ground-breaking shifts in their productivity within a few years, if
not sooner.” The productivity gains from AI will be realized
directly through output created per hour worked (i.e. increased
efficiency), and indirectly through accelerated innovation that
drives future productivity growth. The authors say they broadly
agree with a recent Goldman Sachs estimate that AI could raise
global GDP by a whopping 7%. But there’s more to it, so be sure to
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