Der Einfluss des Melkens auf Durchblutung und Morphologie der Rinderzitze untersucht mittels Color Angiographie und B-Mode Sonographie

“Investigation of the effects of milking on the teat tissue and the
teat blood flow using ultrasonographic scanning and color
angiography” The aim of this study was to investigate the effects
of milking on the teat blood flow and the teat tissue of dairy cows
using color angiography and ultrasonographic scanning. 10 udder
healthy lactating Holstein-Friesian cows from the second lactation
were selected for the study. The selected cows had a milk cell
concentration below 100 000 cells/ml in the course of every
probation milking during the cow milk recording enquiry of the
current lactation. In addition California-Mastitis-Test and
microbiological analysis had been negative at the day of
measurement. The measurements were carried out using a MyLab30Vet
XVISION ultrasound scanner with a linear array probe. The analysis
was supported by MyLabDesk as well as PixelFlux software. During
ultrasound scanning the right front teat was immersed in warmed
contact jelly in an angled bowl. Measurements in cross section at
the changeover of udder quarter and the teat as well as in
longitudinal cut were made. Circumference and area of the teat and
of the teat-cistern at the cross section and teat-canal length,
teat-wall thickness, teat-end width and teat cistern width at the
longitudinal cut were evaluated. The teat-tissue area at the cross
section was calculated. Measurements were started three hours
before afternoon milking and were repeated every 15 minutes until
milking. Directly after the removal of the milking cluster an
additional measurement was performed. Subsequently, measurements
took place every 10 minutes for the next 40 minutes. Thereafter,
measurements were done every 15 minutes until 175 minutes after
milking. Results: • Color Angiography is suited for measuring the
blood flow of the teats of dairy cows. • Directly after the removal
of the milking cluster, the blood flow density of seven (MP 1)
respectively eight (MP 4) out of the ten selected cows was reduced.
• All cows showed a high significant increase of blood flow density
after the first measurement following milking. • Teat channel
length upon milking is significantly longer than immediately before
milking and is reduced again afterwards. It does not reach its
original length during the measuring period. • The teat end width
does not change significantly during the whole measurement period.
• Up to milking the cistern width increases, and after milking it
is significantly reduced. From the first measurement after milking
it starts increasing again. • The teat wall is significantly
thicker after milking than before. • Teat area and teat width are
significantly smaller directly after milking than before. Following
the first measurement after milking, they are reduced. • Cistern
area and cistern width are significantly smaller after milking than
immediately before. During a measuring interval they decrease so
that there is a significant difference between the first
measurement after milking and the two following measurements.
Subsequently, they increase again. • The size of the teat tissue
area changes only slightly during the period of measurements.