The Defence Horizon Journal - Podcasts

Communicative interoperability is vital in multinational coalition warfare. While current Extended Reality (XR) systems excel in procedural motor training, this study proposes developing the KMA-XR-AI system to expand this scope to the communicative ‘fog of war.’ The system is intended to synergise multimodal sensing with adaptive AI to complement traditional XR capabilities. By fusing bio-physiological and acoustic signals via a Hybrid Sensing Module, the system would calculate a real-time Cognitive Load Index (CLI) to drive a Smart Scaffolding Protocol. This intervention will be designed to distinguish between linguistic deficits and stress-induced inhibition during tactical verbal interactions, and ultimately, optimise verbal proficiencies essential for mission success, offering a technological evolution for future military training.


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Mosaic Warfare is often seen as a far-future concept linked to further breakthroughs in emerging disruptive technologies. This article argues that the war in Ukraine challenges that view. Although Ukraine does not explicitly use the term, its battlefield adaptation reflects core mosaic principles, including distributed low-cost uncrewed systems, adaptive kill webs, decentralised decision-making, and rapid sensor-to-shooter integration. The article shows that Mosaic Warfare is not merely a speculative future vision, but an increasingly useful lens for understanding military success and effectiveness in contemporary warfare. At the same time, the Ukrainian case suggests a changing character of warfare in which operational advantage depends increasingly on adaptability, distributed force employment, and the rapid integration of sensors, decision-makers, and shooters, while also exposing current limits in interoperability, communications resilience, sustainment, and organisational scaling. »» TDHJ «« » patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedefencehorizon » donate: https://tdhj.org/about/#donation


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The effective closure of the Strait of Hormuz following joint U.S.-Israeli strikes on Iranian targets in late February 2026 has transformed a long-theorised energy security vulnerability into a present crisis. Maritime traffic through the Strait has collapsed by more than 90 per cent, removing approximately 17-20 million barrels of oil per day from global markets, the largest single energy disruption in modern history. This monograph examines the United Arab Emirates' cross-peninsula logistics corridor linking Sharjah Port Khalid on the Persian Gulf to the Port of Fujairah on the Gulf of Oman as the world's only existing partial bypass of the Hormuz chokepoint.


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Russia’s latest warning on Afghanistan matters because it lines up with the broader picture described in recent international reporting. The central issue is not whether Moscow has motives; it does. The issue is whether the underlying security assessment is credible. On that question, the evidence points in one direction. Afghanistan remains a permissive space for multiple militant actors with regional reach. That reality weakens the Taliban’s claim that Afghan soil is no longer a platform for external violence.


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