Spells, Voodoo, Curses, Black Magic, White Magic, and things that go Bump in the Night!

Like its counterpart white magic, the origins of black magic can
be traced to the primitive, ritualistic worship of spirits as
outlined in Robert M. Place's 2009 book, Magic and Alchemy.[3]
Unlike white magic, in which Place sees parallels with primitive
shamanistic efforts to achieve closeness with spiritual beings,
the rituals that developed into modern black magic were designed
to invoke those same spirits to produce beneficial outcomes for
the practitioner. Place also provides a broad modern definition
of both black and white magic, preferring instead to refer to
them as "high magic" (white) and "low magic" (black) based
primarily on intentions of the practitioner employing them. He
acknowledges, though, that this broader definition (of "high" and
"low") suffers from prejudices because good-intentioned folk
magic may be considered "low" while ceremonial magic involving
expensive or exclusive components may be considered by some as
"high magic", regardless of intent.  Please share our
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