A Brief History of Time Nobel Prizewinner Bill Phillips (#265)

NIST Fellow William D. Phillips received the 1997 Nobel Prize in
Physics “for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with
laser light.” He shared the honor with Steven Chu and Claude
Cohen-Tannoudji. Their work combined to create some of the most
important technologies of modern atomic physics, which thousands of
researchers worldwide employ today for a wide variety of
applications. Today, he joins us to discuss time keeping throughout
history and breakthroughs on the way to the best clocks ever made!
Phillips began his experiments with laser trapping and cooling
shortly after he arrived in 1978 at the National Bureau of
Standards (the agency that became NIST), with the intent of
creating a more accurate atomic clock. Several of his innovations
in the following years became landmarks in the field. These
included a device using a laser along with a magnetic field to
decelerate and cool an atomic beam (the “Zeeman slower”);
demonstrating the first device that trapped electrically neutral
atoms (a magnetic trap); and measuring a temperature far below that
predicted by the accepted theory of laser cooling at the time
(known as sub-Doppler cooling). Watch the video with slides here:
https://youtu.be/q1cPyE9rAD4 Watch the video with slides here:
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