This Book Sent Galileo To JAIL! (#291)

The Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (Dialogo sopra
i due massimi sistemi del mondo) is a 1632 Italian-language book by
Galileo Galilei comparing the Copernican system with the
traditional Ptolemaic system. It was translated into Latin as
Systema cosmicum (English: Cosmic System) in 1635 by Matthias
Bernegger. The book was dedicated to Galileo's patron, Ferdinando
II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, who received the first
printed copy on February 22, 1632. Download your copy of Galileo's
Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems in auidiobook form
here https://BrianKeating.com/dialogue Background In the Copernican
system, the Earth and other planets orbit the Sun, while in the
Ptolemaic system, everything in the Universe circles around the
Earth. The Dialogue was published in Florence under a formal
license from the Inquisition. In 1633, Galileo was found to be
"vehemently suspect of heresy" based on the book, which was then
placed on the Index of Forbidden Books, from which it was not
removed until 1835 (after the theories it discussed had been
permitted in print in 1822). In an action that was not announced at
the time, the publication of anything else he had written or ever
might write was also banned in Catholic countries. Overview While
writing the book, Galileo referred to it as his Dialogue on the
Tides, and when the manuscript went to the Inquisition for
approval, the title was Dialogue on the Ebb and Flow of the Sea. He
was ordered to remove all mention of tides from the title and to
change the preface because granting approval to such a title would
look like approval of his theory of the tides using the motion of
the Earth as proof. As a result, the formal title on the title page
is Dialogue, which is followed by Galileo's name, academic posts,
and followed by a long subtitle. The name by which the work is now
known was extracted by the printer from the description on the
title page when permission was given to reprint it with an approved
preface by a Catholic theologian in 1744. This must be kept in mind
when discussing Galileo's motives for writing the book. Although
the book is presented formally as a consideration of both systems
(as it needed to be in order to be published at all), there is no
question that the Copernican side gets the better of the argument.
Structure The book is presented as a series of discussions, over a
span of four days, among two philosophers and a layman: Salviati
argues for the Copernican position and presents some of Galileo's
views directly, calling him the "Academician" in honor of Galileo's
membership in the Accademia dei Lincei. He is named after Galileo's
friend Filippo Salviati (1582–1614). Sagredo is an intelligent
layman who is initially neutral. He is named after Galileo's friend
Giovanni Francesco Sagredo (1571–1620). Simplicio, a dedicated
follower of Ptolemy and Aristotle, presents the traditional views
and the arguments against the Copernican position. He is supposedly
named after Simplicius of Cilicia, a sixth-century commentator on
Aristotle, but it was suspected the name was a double entendre, as
the Italian for "simple" (as in "simple minded") is
"semplice".Simplicio is modeled on two contemporary conservative
philosophers, Lodovico delle Colombe (1565–1616?), Galileo's
opponent, and Cesare Cremonini (1550–1631), a Paduan colleague who
had refused to look through the telescope. Colombe was the leader
of a group of Florentine opponents of Galileo's, which some of the
latter's friends referred to as "the pigeon league". Join PragerU:
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