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David Resnik is the NIH's Senior Advisor for Research Integrity and a philosopher of science who has spent his career defending careful, sober naturalism. He just co-authored a paper with biologist Michael Levin arguing that the shape of your body — and maybe your mind — is pulled from a nonphysical space of mathematical forms.





Expect to learn why cicadas evolved to emerge only in prime-numbered years to dodge predators, why a mule's infertility comes down to simple odd-and-even chromosome math, why mathematics might be a "free lunch" baked into the universe rather than something we invented, why there may be no real difference between an electron and the equation that describes it, why Michael Levin's leap to calling certain mathematical forms "minds" might be the biggest jump in modern biology, why a Xenobot growing eyes and ears it doesn't need raises the question of where biological information actually comes from, why even a few lines of sorting-algorithm code can behave in ways nobody predicted, and why David thinks it might not matter whether Platonism is literally true, as long as it keeps producing good science.





Timestamps


0:00:00 Trailer


0:02:52 Is Math Discovered or Invented?


0:15:48 Why Cicadas Emerge in Prime-Numbered Years


0:19:45 Why Mules Can't Reproduce (It's Just Math)


0:21:19 Michael Levin's "Free Lunch": Math That Isn't Physical


0:24:16 Is Materialism Actually Incomplete?


0:29:43 Xenobots: Where Did the Information Come From?


0:35:08 Why Do Xenobots Grow Ears and Eyes They Don't Need?


0:43:40 The Magnet and Iron Filings Experiment


0:45:26 Is There Really a Difference Between an Electron and Math?


0:46:40 Michael Levin's "Grand Canyon Jump" to Platonic Minds


0:48:03 What Is a Cognitive Light Cone?


0:54:26 Cutting a Triangle: What "Ingression" Actually Means


0:59:40 Michael Levin's Biological Compiler Idea


1:01:27 The Two-Headed Worm and the Eye That Shouldn't Exist


1:02:02 A Sorting Algorithm That Does the Unexpected


1:05:17 Laplace's Demon and the Limits of Prediction


1:09:43 Does It Matter If Platonic Space Is Real?


1:16:00 Could AI Access Minds Human Brains Can't?


1:17:36 The Limits of Any Mind in the Universe





... Email for sponsorship enquiries: evan@thegiantsshoulder.com





GS Episodes Mentioned


Michael Levin — Michael Levin: Bioelectricity, Morphogenesis, Platonic Spaces & Xenobots: https://youtu.be/LTBZRVKUwyM


Michael Levin & Earl Miller — Meet the Scientist Showing Every Cell In Your Body is Conscious!: https://youtu.be/eNi-_2cOVtc


Julian Barbour — Meet The Greatest Mathematician You've Never Heard Of: https://youtu.be/LcYdhjcFnzA





Guest Links


David Resnik — NIH Office of Intramural Research: https://oir.nih.gov/about/leadership-staff/david-resnik


Levin & Resnik — "Mind Everywhere" Part One (Biological Theory): https://doi.org/10.1007/s13752-025-00523-6


Levin & Resnik — "Mind Everywhere" Part Two (Biological Theory): https://doi.org/10.1007/s13752-025-00524-5


David Resnik — ResearchGate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/David-Resnik-2


David Resnik — NIEHS Bioethics: https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/resources/bioethics/bioethicist

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Elliot Murphy is a neurolinguist at UTHealth Houston who records language directly from inside the human brain, placing electrodes deep in the cortex of epilepsy patients and watching meaning get built in real time. His claim is unsettling: every time you speak, your brain performs an operation no other cognitive system — and no AI — can do, and the structure of grammar may be something the brain discovers rather than invents.Expect to learn why the phrase "old men and women" proves language breaks the laws of algebra, how "red boat" and "barco rojo" hide the same secret structure, what it means to record single words forming inside a living brain, why the deepest things you feel are impossible to put into words, how one word like "lunch" can be food, an event, and a time all at once, where Elliot stands on Michael Levin's idea that meaning lives in a Platonic space, why he thinks large language models don't understand a word they produce, what really separates human intelligence from pattern-matching, and much more…


Timestamps


0:00:00 Trailer


0:01:56 From Liverpool Bookworm to Brain Scientist


0:10:25 The Phrase That Breaks the Laws of Logic


0:12:36 Why "Red Boat" and "Barco Rojo" Are Secretly Identical


0:15:14 Where Language Actually Lives in Your Brain


0:20:02 Recording Single Words Inside a Living Brain


0:23:38 The Surgery That Changed How We Study Language


0:36:12 Does Anything Else Work Like Language? Even Music?


0:40:28 The Feelings No Words Can Ever Reach


0:42:19 The Nietzsche Line Elliot Can't Shake


0:44:52 How "Lunch" Is Three Contradictory Things at Once


0:57:47 Does Meaning Have a Mathematical Shape?


1:03:34 Is Grammar Invented — or Discovered in a Platonic Space?


1:13:54 What Even Is Agency?


1:25:00 What Actually Separates You From an AI


1:30:12 Where to Start With Nietzsche and Dostoevsky...


Email for sponsorship enquiries: evan@thegiantsshoulder.com


GS Episodes Mentioned


Michael Levin — Michael Levin: Bioelectricity, Morphogenesis, Platonic Spaces & Xenobots: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LTBZRVKUwyM


Michael Levin & Earl Miller — Meet the Scientist Showing Every Cell In Your Body is Conscious!: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eNi-_2cOVtc


Guest Links


Elliot Murphy — Website: https://elliot-murphy.com


Elliot Murphy — Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.co.uk/citations?user=4AYNRj0AAAAJ


Elliot Murphy — UTHealth Profile: https://www.uth.edu/people/profile?id=a676259c-6b83-45de-bba3-f9ce464344a6

Try Mind Lab Pro, The Universal Nootropic For A Sharper Brain: https://www.mindlabpro.com/?a_aid=67fd1cb8d9ad3&a_bid=6d45f5c3Want a full breakdown of your own conscious inner experience? Join the Giant's Shoulder community: https://www.skool.com/the-giants-shoulder-6526/aboutAdam Butler is a DMT researcher and author who has taken the molecule over 100 times and completed the same Monroe Institute consciousness program the CIA funded during the Cold War. He went from suicidal alcoholic to sober and mission-driven through a molecule his own brain already produces -- and then, one day, found himself completely locked out of the DMT space with zero pharmacological explanation for why.Expect to learn why DMT stops working for some people with no pharmacological explanation for it, how the body produces its own DMT internally, what the Monroe Institute's Hemi-Sync binaural beats protocol has in common with a DMT trip without any substance at all, why a declassified CIA-linked report took remote viewing seriously enough to fund it for decades, what DMT entities actually look like across 100+ trips, the controversial DMT laser experiment that claims to reveal a rigid code-like grid in the visual field, why effect sizes in psychedelic-assisted therapy trials are becoming impossible to ignore, and much more…Timestamps0:00:00 Trailer0:02:17 Who Is Adam Butler? From Rock Bottom to a Mission0:07:18 The Story That Changed Everything0:13:21 Inside His First DMT Session0:24:22 Why DMT Doesn't Build Tolerance0:31:56 Blocked: The Night DMT Just Stopped Working0:38:22 The Telepathy Tapes and the DMT Laser Experiment0:40:38 Huxley's Reducing Valve and the DMT "Cheat Code"0:44:29 What Is a DMT Entity, Really?0:48:21 Jesters, Mantis Beings, and the Entity Portfolio0:54:48 Carhart-Harris's Theory vs Alien World-Building1:02:52 Do DMT Entities Have Their Own Agency?1:09:20 The Mantis "Technicians" and the Body Upgrade1:11:23 Meeting His Future Self on DMT1:17:28 Inside the Monroe Institute1:32:17 The Declassified CIA Gateway Project1:41:10 Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and DMT-Like States1:44:27 The DMT Laser Experiment Explained1:53:21 Debating the "Code of the Simulation" Claim1:58:37 Near-Death Experience and Why It All Matters... Email for sponsorship enquiries: evan@thegiantsshoulder.comGS Episodes Mentioned:Robin Carhart-Harris — No. 1 Psychedelic Scientist: The Entropic Brain Hypothesis, Consciousness & DMT Entities: https://youtu.be/t-GkE4YtLRkAndrew Gallimore — No.1 DMT Neurobiologist: Alien Worlds, DMT Entity Encounters, Attractor States and Consciousness: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=USgWrxEFWDAAndrés Gómez Emilsson — Consciousness Expert Explains The 6 Levels Of The DMT Experience: https://youtu.be/xMdl7zF2MWEGuest Links:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/booksbyadambutlerYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ButlersDMTFieldGuidePatreon: https://www.patreon.com/BooksByAdamButlerBook — Butler's DMT Field Guide: https://www.amazon.com/dp/196050505XBook — Butler's Psychedelic Integration Field Guide: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0H4GL8H6V...Email for sponsorship enquiries: evan@thegiantsshoulder.com

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Dalibor Sames is the chemist who reverse-engineered ibogaine into a version that appears to erase heroin addiction in a single dose, without the cardiac risk that can kill people on the original drug. He also took his own medicine — and says he watched the molecule's exact 3D structure rotate in front of him for 36 hours straight.Expect to learn why ibogaine breaks every rule of classical pharmacology, what "matrix pharmacology" means and why it's heresy to a one-drug-one-target industry, how editing a single atom deletes ibogaine's fatal heart risk, why a common antidepressant turned out to be a secret opioid for thirty years, what it's like to watch a molecule's structure appear during a 36-hour flood dose, why ibogaine seems to erase interest in alcohol overnight, whether the "DMT block" phenomenon researchers describe is real, and much more…


Timestamps0:00:00


Trailer0:02:39


Meet the Chemist Who Fell for a Molecule's Shape


0:04:13 The Dogma That the Adult Brain Can't Heal0:09:00 Why Synapses Might Explain Every Brain Disorder0:10:28 Reverse-Engineering Nature's Own Drugs


0:16:44 The Paper That Changed Everything About Addiction


0:20:01 Why Ibogaine Breaks Every Rule of Pharmacology


0:33:08 The Weakest Drug That Works the Strongest


0:38:21 The Traffic Jam That Explains Matrix Pharmacology


0:44:18 A Human Genome Project — For One Molecule


0:47:48 Deciding to Take Ibogaine Himself


0:50:02 Inside a 36-Hour Flood Dose


0:54:38 The Chapter Called "Treatment"


0:56:26 Ibogaine Shows Him the Future of Design


1:00:01 Seeing Ibogaine's 3D Molecular Structure


1:03:14 High-Fiving a Molecule1:06:47 "This Is a Computational Technology"


1:16:36 The Simulation So Real It Panicked Him


1:24:26 Did He Earn This Experience?


1:30:56 Six Months Later — What Actually Changed


1:36:01 Did This Change His View of Consciousness?......


Email for sponsorship enquiries: evan@thegiantsshoulder.com


GS Episodes Mentioned


Andrew Gallimore — No.1 DMT Neurobiologist: Alien Worlds, DMT Entity Encounters, Attractor States and Consciousness: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=USgWrxEFWDA


David Luke — Meet the Professor of Paranormal Consciousness - DMT Entities, Telepathy Tapes & OBE's: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qLKD1gt1X5oGuest


LinksColumbia Chemistry faculty page: https://www.chem.columbia.edu/content/dalibor-sames


Sames Lab: https://www.samesgroup.org/professor-dalibor-sames


Gilgamesh Pharmaceuticals: https://www.gilgameshpharmaceutical.com/


Oxa-Iboga paper (Nature Communications, 2024): https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-51856-y


Beond Ibogaine Clinic (where he took ibogaine): https://beondibogaine.com