Africa’s Food Market Between Imports and Industrial Growth - The African Economy Review 2025#51

Africa’s food economy is entering a decisive phase. By 2030, the
continent’s agriculture and food market could reach a value of one
trillion US dollars. Yet this headline number hides a deeper story
of structural change, urban demand, and economic tension.

Reporting from Nairobi, this episode explores how rapid
urbanisation and rising incomes are reshaping what Africans eat,
how food is produced, and where value is created. Urban households
are spending more on food, shifting away from basic staples toward
protein, fresh produce, and processed products. Convenience,
safety, and branding are becoming core drivers of demand across
Africa’s cities.

At the same time, the continent remains heavily dependent on food
imports. Cereals such as wheat, maize, and rice dominate calorie
intake, exposing African economies to global price shocks and
currency volatility. But official statistics only tell part of the
story. Informal and intra-regional food trade, particularly in West
Africa, is far larger than previously assumed, revealing a hidden
regional food economy operating beyond formal systems.

This episode also looks beyond agriculture, into foodservice,
beverages, packaging, and consumer goods. From cloud kitchens and
ready-to-drink coffee to packaging industries and premium snacks,
Africa’s food market is increasingly shaped by services, urban
lifestyles, and industrial capacity.

The question is no longer whether demand exists. It is whether
Africa can scale local value chains fast enough to capture
it.

The African Economy Review

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